جدیداُردوغزل کے تخلیقی خدوخال

The Creative Features of Modern Ghazal

Abstract

After 1857, new political and social circumstances had also left effects over Urdu Literature. A trend of condemnation of Urdu Ghazal and favourism of poem-writing was being promoted under new rulers of sub-continent. Anjuman Punjab was established for this purpose. Muhammad Hussain Azad was founder of this literary organization and Altaf Hussain Hali also participated in the meetings of Anjuman for the promotion of new poem. Then he expressed his critic views in " Maqadama Shair-o-Shaery". With the rise of 20th century, some poets broughtout their efforts for the promotion of Ghazal with their unique poetic voices, tones and styles. They were basic poets of modern Urdu Ghazal. First poet was Hasrat Mohani. Along with him Fani Badayuni, Asghar Gavindvi and Yagana Changaizi are remained prominent to rebuild the Urdu Ghazal. Iqbal introduced the new themes, rhythm and style through the ghazal of "Bal-e-Jibreel”. In this way they introduced new aspects, styles and diction in the poetry. They had different thoughts and styles from each other.  How they introduced refreshness in the Ghzal, their impacts and efforts regarding modern Ghazal have been discussed in this research article.